1 Chronicles 4
Lutheran reading notes
In 1 Chronicles chapter 4, the account continues the story of genealogies and the reign of David with temple focus. Lutheran interpretation frequently highlights how these events reveal both human sinfulness and God’s faithful promises. The chapter demonstrates the tension between human failure and God’s ongoing grace working through history.
1
The sons of Judah; Pharez, Hezron, and Carmi, and Hur, and Shobal. {Carmi: also called, Chelubai or Caleb}
1 Chronicles 4:1 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
2
And Reaiah the son of Shobal begat Jahath; and Jahath begat Ahumai, and Lahad. These {are} the families of the Zorathites. {Reaiah: or, Haroeh}
1 Chronicles 4:2 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
3
And these {were of} the father of Etam; Jezreel, and Ishma, and Idbash: and the name of their sister {was} Hazelelponi:
1 Chronicles 4:3 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
4
And Penuel the father of Gedor, and Ezer the father of Hushah. These {are} the sons of Hur, the firstborn of Ephratah, the father of Bethlehem.
1 Chronicles 4:4 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
5
And Ashur the father of Tekoa had two wives, Helah and Naarah.
1 Chronicles 4:5 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
6
And Naarah bare him Ahuzam, and Hepher, and Temeni, and Haahashtari. These {were} the sons of Naarah.
1 Chronicles 4:6 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
7
And the sons of Helah {were}, Zereth, and Jezoar, and Ethnan.
1 Chronicles 4:7 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
8
And Coz begat Anub, and Zobebah, and the families of Aharhel the son of Harum.
1 Chronicles 4:8 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
9
And Jabez was more honourable than his brethren: and his mother called his name Jabez, saying, Because I bare him with sorrow. {Jabez: that is, Sorrowful}
1 Chronicles 4:9 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
10
And Jabez called on the God of Israel, saying, Oh that thou wouldest bless me indeed, and enlarge my coast, and that thine hand might be with me, and that thou wouldest keep {me} from evil, that it may not grieve me! And God granted him that which he requested. {Oh...: Heb. If thou wilt, etc} {keep...: Heb. do me}
1 Chronicles 4:10 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
11
And Chelub the brother of Shuah begat Mehir, which {was} the father of Eshton.
1 Chronicles 4:11 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
12
And Eshton begat Bethrapha, and Paseah, and Tehinnah the father of Irnahash. These {are} the men of Rechah. {Irnahash: or, the city of Nahash}
1 Chronicles 4:12 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
13
And the sons of Kenaz; Othniel, and Seraiah: and the sons of Othniel; Hathath. {Hathath...: or, Hathath, and Meonothai, who begat, etc}
1 Chronicles 4:13 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
14
And Meonothai begat Ophrah: and Seraiah begat Joab, the father of the valley of Charashim; for they were craftsmen. {valley: or, inhabitants of the valley} {Charashim: that is, craftsmen} {Hathath...: or, Hathath, and Meonothai, who begat, etc}
1 Chronicles 4:14 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
15
And the sons of Caleb the son of Jephunneh; Iru, Elah, and Naam: and the sons of Elah, even Kenaz. {even Kenaz: or, Uknaz}
1 Chronicles 4:15 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
16
And the sons of Jehaleleel; Ziph, and Ziphah, Tiria, and Asareel.
1 Chronicles 4:16 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
17
And the sons of Ezra {were}, Jether, and Mered, and Epher, and Jalon: and she bare Miriam, and Shammai, and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa.
18
And his wife Jehudijah bare Jered the father of Gedor, and Heber the father of Socho, and Jekuthiel the father of Zanoah. And these {are} the sons of Bithiah the daughter of Pharaoh, which Mered took. {Jehudijah: or, the Jewess}
1 Chronicles 4:18 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
19
And the sons of {his} wife Hodiah the sister of Naham, the father of Keilah the Garmite, and Eshtemoa the Maachathite. {Hodiah: or, Jehudijah, mentioned before}
1 Chronicles 4:19 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
20
And the sons of Shimon {were}, Amnon, and Rinnah, Benhanan, and Tilon. And the sons of Ishi {were}, Zoheth, and Benzoheth.
1 Chronicles 4:20 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
21
The sons of Shelah the son of Judah {were}, Er the father of Lecah, and Laadah the father of Mareshah, and the families of the house of them that wrought fine linen, of the house of Ashbea,
1 Chronicles 4:21 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
22
And Jokim, and the men of Chozeba, and Joash, and Saraph, who had the dominion in Moab, and Jashubilehem. And {these are} ancient things.
1 Chronicles 4:22 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
23
These {were} the potters, and those that dwelt among plants and hedges: there they dwelt with the king for his work.
1 Chronicles 4:23 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
24
The sons of Simeon {were}, Nemuel, and Jamin, Jarib, Zerah, {and} Shaul: {Nemuel: or, Jemuel} {Jarib, Zerah: or, Jachin Zohar}
1 Chronicles 4:24 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
25
Shallum his son, Mibsam his son, Mishma his son.
1 Chronicles 4:25 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
26
And the sons of Mishma; Hamuel his son, Zacchur his son, Shimei his son.
1 Chronicles 4:26 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
27
And Shimei had sixteen sons and six daughters; but his brethren had not many children, neither did all their family multiply, like to the children of Judah. {like...: Heb. unto}
1 Chronicles 4:27 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
28
And they dwelt at Beersheba, and Moladah, and Hazarshual,
1 Chronicles 4:28 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
29
And at Bilhah, and at Ezem, and at Tolad, {Bilhah: or, Balah} {Tolad: or, Eltolad}
1 Chronicles 4:29 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
30
And at Bethuel, and at Hormah, and at Ziklag,
1 Chronicles 4:30 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
31
And at Bethmarcaboth, and Hazarsusim, and at Bethbirei, and at Shaaraim. These {were} their cities unto the reign of David. {Hazarsusim: or, Hazarsusah}
1 Chronicles 4:31 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
32
And their villages {were}, Etam, and Ain, Rimmon, and Tochen, and Ashan, five cities: {Etam: or, Ether}
1 Chronicles 4:32 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
33
And all their villages that {were} round about the same cities, unto Baal. These {were} their habitations, and their genealogy. {Baal: or, Baalathbeer} {their genealogy: or, as they divided themselves by nations among them}
1 Chronicles 4:33 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
34
And Meshobab, and Jamlech, and Joshah the son of Amaziah,
1 Chronicles 4:34 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
35
And Joel, and Jehu the son of Josibiah, the son of Seraiah, the son of Asiel,
1 Chronicles 4:35 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
36
And Elioenai, and Jaakobah, and Jeshohaiah, and Asaiah, and Adiel, and Jesimiel, and Benaiah,
1 Chronicles 4:36 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
37
And Ziza the son of Shiphi, the son of Allon, the son of Jedaiah, the son of Shimri, the son of Shemaiah;
1 Chronicles 4:37 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
38
These mentioned by {their} names {were} princes in their families: and the house of their fathers increased greatly. {mentioned: Heb. coming}
1 Chronicles 4:38 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
39
And they went to the entrance of Gedor, {even} unto the east side of the valley, to seek pasture for their flocks.
1 Chronicles 4:39 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
40
And they found fat pasture and good, and the land {was} wide, and quiet, and peaceable; for {they} of Ham had dwelt there of old.
1 Chronicles 4:40 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
41
And these written by name came in the days of Hezekiah king of Judah, and smote their tents, and the habitations that were found there, and destroyed them utterly unto this day, and dwelt in their rooms: because {there was} pasture there for their flocks.
1 Chronicles 4:41 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
42
And {some} of them, {even} of the sons of Simeon, five hundred men, went to mount Seir, having for their captains Pelatiah, and Neariah, and Rephaiah, and Uzziel, the sons of Ishi.
1 Chronicles 4:42 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
43
And they smote the rest of the Amalekites that were escaped, and dwelt there unto this day.
1 Chronicles 4:43 highlights covenant history and god’s providence with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.