Exodus 20
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Lutheran reading notes
In Exodus chapter 20, the story continues to develop the theme of Israel’s deliverance from Egypt and the covenant at Sinai. Lutheran interpretation often highlights how the events reveal humanity’s need for God’s grace and the reliability of God's promises. The chapter illustrates both the reality of human weakness and the faithfulness of God who works through history.
1
And God spake all these words, saying,
Exodus 20:1 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
2
I {am} the LORD thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage. {bondage: Heb. servants}
Exodus 20:2 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
3
Thou shalt have no other gods before me.
Exodus 20:3 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
4
Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness {of any thing} that {is} in heaven above, or that {is} in the earth beneath, or that {is} in the water under the earth:
Exodus 20:4 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
5
Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the LORD thy God {am} a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth {generation} of them that hate me;
Exodus 20:5 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
6
And shewing mercy unto thousands of them that love me, and keep my commandments.
Exodus 20:6 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
7
Thou shalt not take the name of the LORD thy God in vain; for the LORD will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain.
Exodus 20:7 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
8
Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy.
Exodus 20:8 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
9
Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work:
Exodus 20:9 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
10
But the seventh day {is} the sabbath of the LORD thy God: {in it} thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that {is} within thy gates:
Exodus 20:10 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
11
For {in} six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them {is}, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the LORD blessed the sabbath day, and hallowed it.
Exodus 20:11 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
12
Honour thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long upon the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee.
Exodus 20:12 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
13
Thou shalt not kill.
Exodus 20:13 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
14
Thou shalt not commit adultery.
Exodus 20:14 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
15
Thou shalt not steal.
Exodus 20:15 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
16
Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour.
Exodus 20:16 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
17
Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that {is} thy neighbour's.
Exodus 20:17 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
18
And all the people saw the thunderings, and the lightnings, and the noise of the trumpet, and the mountain smoking: and when the people saw {it}, they removed, and stood afar off.
Exodus 20:18 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
19
And they said unto Moses, Speak thou with us, and we will hear: but let not God speak with us, lest we die.
Exodus 20:19 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
20
And Moses said unto the people, Fear not: for God is come to prove you, and that his fear may be before your faces, that ye sin not.
Exodus 20:20 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
21
And the people stood afar off, and Moses drew near unto the thick darkness where God {was}.
Exodus 20:21 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
22
And the LORD said unto Moses, Thus thou shalt say unto the children of Israel, Ye have seen that I have talked with you from heaven.
Exodus 20:22 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
23
Ye shall not make with me gods of silver, neither shall ye make unto you gods of gold.
Exodus 20:23 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
24
An altar of earth thou shalt make unto me, and shalt sacrifice thereon thy burnt offerings, and thy peace offerings, thy sheep, and thine oxen: in all places where I record my name I will come unto thee, and I will bless thee.
Exodus 20:24 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
25
And if thou wilt make me an altar of stone, thou shalt not build it of hewn stone: for if thou lift up thy tool upon it, thou hast polluted it. {build...: Heb. build them with hewing}
Exodus 20:25 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.
26
Neither shalt thou go up by steps unto mine altar, that thy nakedness be not discovered thereon.
Exodus 20:26 highlights redemption, covenant, worship with emphasis on law, gospel, grace, and faith.